The low gas-bearing shale has a large pore size, a small specific surface area, and pore volume, and the T 2 distribution presents a bimodal shape with a wider peak and the lowest spectral value. During the hydrocarbon generation process, a large number of organic pores favorable for gas adsorption will be produced. It shows that micropores and mesopores are widely developed in high gas-bearing shale, which provides the main place for adsorbing gas, especially shale with high TOC content. The high gas-bearing shale has a small pore size, a large specific surface area, and pore volume, and the T 2 distribution is bimodal, with a peak value around 1 ms. The results show that the pore types are clay mineral intercrystalline pores and intergranular pores, rock skeleton mineral pores, organic pores, and micro-fractures. Shale in these areas with different gas production has been characterized, by the integration of geophysical and petrophysical data, in terms of pore type and pore connectivity, including X-ray diffraction, low-field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), low-pressure N 2 and CO 2 adsorption isotherms, porosity, permeability, thin-section observations, scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and mercury injection capillary pressure (MICP) measurement. The samples collected from wells in the Sichuan Basin have high gas content, collected from wells near the Pengshui, and Tongren areas have medium gas content and collected from wells near the Guiyang area have low gas content. In this study, we carry out gas shale samples in different areas. Therefore, using multiple methods to jointly characterize the pore structure of shale with different gas content and study on the main controlling factors of pore development have an important guiding role in the exploration and development of shale gas. The porosity, pore type, pore size, pore volume, TOC, and other petrophysical parameters of shale all affect the shale gas content. Shale has a complex pore structure, which leads to complex petrophysical characteristics.